pyrography took on a utilitarian role. For instance, peasants and craftsmen used it to brand ownership marks on tools or livestock crates, though decorative examples—like burnt floral motifs on wooden chests—emerged as well. By the 17th century, European artists began refining the craft, with examples like the detailed burnt illustrations on wooden religious icons in Russia.

marked a turning point for pyrography as a popular hobby. In the late 19th century, the invention of the benzine-fueled pyrography pen by François Manuel-Pérès made the process more accessible. This tool allowed for finer control, leading to elaborate works like the burnt portraits and landscapes on wooden panels by artists such as Robert Ball Hughes in England.

Indigenous peoples, such as the Hopi in the southwestern U.S., used pyrography to adorn ceremonial objects like kachina dolls with symbolic designs, a practice dating back centuries. By the 20th century, pyrography became a staple in folk art, with American artisans burning scenes of rural life onto plaques and furniture.

pyrography thrives as both a traditional craft and a modern art form, with artists using electric pyrography pens to create everything from hyper-realistic wildlife portraits on wood to abstract designs on leather. Its history reflects a blend of practicality and creativity, shaped by tools and techniques that have evolved with time.